STIBNITE OR ANTIMONITE[Sb2S3]

Stibnite, sometimes called antimonite, is a sulfide mineral with the formula Sb₂S₃. This soft grey material crystallizes in an orthorhombic space group. It is the most important source for the metalloid antimony.

Detailed description

The name is from the Greek στίβι stibi through the Latin stibium as the old name for the mineral and the element antimony.

Uses

Pastes of Sb₂S₃ powder in fat^[6] or in other materials have been used since ca. 3000 BC as eye cosmetics in the Middle East and farther afield; in this use, Sb₂S₃ is called kohl. It was used to darken the brows and lashes, or to draw a line around the perimeter of the eye.

Antimony trisulfide finds use in pyrotechnic compositions, namely in the glitter and fountain mixtures. Needle-like crystals, "Chinese Needle", are used in glitter compositions and white pyrotechnic stars. The "Dark Pyro" version is used in flash powders to increase their sensitivity and sharpen their report. It is also a component of modern safety matches. It was formerly used in flash compositions, but its use was abandoned due to toxicity and sensitivity to static electricity.^[7]

Stibnite was used ever since protodynastic Ancient Egypt as a medication and a cosmetic. The Sunan Abi Dawood reports, “prophet Muhammad said: 'Among the best types of collyrium is antimony (ithmid) for it clears the vision and makes the hair sprout.'”^[8]

The 17th century alchemist Eirenaeus Philalethes, also known as George Starkey, describes stibnite in his alchemical commentary An Exposition upon Sir George Ripley's Epistle. Starkey used stibnite as a precursor to philosophical mercury, which was itself a hypothetical precursor to the Philosopher's stone

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$2.23/KG OR $1.01/IB

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