Titanium (pronounced /taɪˈteɪniəm/ tye-TAY-nee-əm) is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic
number 22. Sometimes called the "space age metal",[2]
it has a low density and is a strong, lustrous, corrosion-resistant
(including sea
water, aqua
regia and chlorine)
transition metal with a silver color.
Detailed description:
Titanium
can be alloyed
with iron, aluminium, vanadium, molybdenum,
among other elements, to produce strong lightweight alloys for aerospace (jet
engines, missiles,
and spacecraft),
military, industrial process (chemicals and petro-chemicals, desalination plants, pulp, and paper),
automotive, agri-food, medical prostheses, orthopedic implants, dental and endodontic instruments and
files, dental implants, sporting goods, jewelry, mobile phones,
and other applications. Titanium was discovered in England by William
Gregor in 1791 and named by Martin Heinrich Klaproth for the Titans of Greek
mythology.
The
element occurs within a number of mineral deposits, principally rutile and ilmenite, which
are widely distributed in the Earth's
crust and lithosphere, and it is found in almost all living things,
rocks, water bodies, and soils. The metal is extracted from its principal
mineral ores via the Kroll process or the Hunter
process. Its most common compound, titanium
dioxide, is a popular photocatalyst and is used in the manufacture of white
pigments. Other compounds include titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), a
component of smoke screens and catalysts; and titanium trichloride (TiCl3),
which is used as a catalyst in the production of polypropylene).
Titanium
is always bonded to other elements in nature. It is the ninth-most abundant
element in the Earth's
crust (0.63% by mass)
and the seventh-most abundant metal. It is present in most igneous
rocks and in sediments derived from them (as well as
in living things and natural bodies of water). Of the 801 types of igneous
rocks analyzed by the United States Geological Survey,
784 contained titanium. Its proportion in soils is approximately 0.5 to 1.5%.
It
is widely distributed and occurs primarily in the minerals anatase, brookite, ilmenite, perovskite,
rutile, titanite
(sphene), as well in many iron ores. Of these minerals, only rutile and ilmenite have any
economic importance, yet even they are difficult to find in high concentrations.
Significant titanium-bearing ilmenite deposits exist in western Australia, Canada, China, India, New Zealand,
Norway, and Ukraine. Large
quantities of rutile are also mined in North
America and South Africa and help contribute to the annual
production of 90,000 tonnes
of the metal and 4.3 million tonnes of titanium dioxide. Total reserves of
titanium are estimated to exceed 600 million tonnes.
PRICE
$10.195/KG
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